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12 Oct, 2023
Hepatitis is liver inflammation, typically from viral infections (A, B, C), toxins, or autoimmune responses. Symptoms may include jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, nausea, and fever. It can lead to severe liver damage and chronic conditions.
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Let's look at the table to understand its types, symptoms etc.
Hepatitis Type | Transmission | Symptoms & Signs | Causes | Prevention |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hepatitis A | Fecal-oral route, poor sanitation | Jaundice, nausea, abdominal pain, fever | Contaminated water, poor sanitation | Vaccination, hygiene measures |
Hepatitis B | Blood, semen, other body fluids | Fatigue, jaundice, dark urine | Contact with blood, unprotected sex, sharing needles | Vaccination, safe sex practices, avoiding needle sharing |
Hepatitis C | Blood-to-blood contact, Injection drug use, Healthcare settings | Often asymptomatic until advanced | Contact with blood, Injection drug use | Safe injection practices, blood screening |
Hepatitis D | Blood-to-blood contact | Similar to HBV, but more severe | Co-infection with HBV | Avoiding HBV co-infection |
Hepatitis E | Fecal-oral route, contaminated water | Fever, jaundice, abdominal pain | Contaminated water, undercooked or raw shellfish | Safe drinking water, sanitation |
All age groups can be affected, but certain types may be more common in specific age ranges (e.g., Hepatitis A is often more common in children).
Hepatitis prevalence can vary by region. For instance, Hepatitis B is more prevalent in certain parts of Asia and Africa.
In conclusion, hepatitis poses a multifaceted challenge with diverse transmission routes and varying severity. Accurate diagnosis through blood tests, imaging, and, when necessary, liver biopsy is critical. Prevention, including vaccination and safe practices, is paramount given the varied risk factors. Complications like cirrhosis underscore the importance of early detection. Treatment options range from antivirals to supportive care and, in severe cases, liver transplant. A holistic approach combining preventive measures, accessible healthcare, and public awareness is imperative in effectively addressing the global impact of hepatitis.
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